How Volcano Erupts
A volcano is any
opening in the Earth’s surface that allows molten rock and volcanic gases to
escape from far below the Earth’s surface. Although many volcanoes are
mountainous in shape, a volcano can exist in nearly any form, including
volcanic vents on the ocean floor, ice volcanoes, which have been found on a
variety of other planets, and volcanoes that are simply a crater in the ground.
Despite the variances
in the shape of volcanoes, they all erupt in relatively the same way. The
process begins when the pressure on a magma chamber deep below the Earth’s
surface begins to build up. This building pressure causes the magma from the
chamber to be forced upward through a series of tubes or conduits. As the magma
reaches the surface, it is thrust through the vents on the volcano, resulting
in an eruption.
The size and severity
of a volcanic eruption depend on a variety of underlying factors. Some of these
include :
How
full the magma chamber was at the time of the eruption
The
amount of gas present in the magma and in the magma chamber itself
How
much silica is in the magma it self
Whether
or not any water is present in the eruption
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